用美國小學課本學好英文單字

Plants

植物

Root

Roots are the part of the plant that is in the ground. The roots

of the plant hold the plant in the ground. On each root are tiny root

hairs. These tiny root hairs grow into the soil. They take in water

and minerals. The plant uses water and minerals to make food.

Without water and minerals, the plant cannot grow.

Stems

Now look at a plant’s stems. These stems are like tiny pipes. Water and minerals

can travel through the stem. The stem takes water and minerals to the leaves, where

the plant’s food is made.

Stems are many different sizes. The big tree trunk is a stem. The stem of a

cabbage plant is so short that you may not see it. Vines are a kind of stem. The tiny

tubes in the stem of a celery plant are easy to see.

Leaves

The leaves of green plants have tiny

openings in them. To see these openings,

you will need the help of a microscope.

A microscope makes things look much

bigger than they really are.

The tiny openings are important to help the plant grow. Carbon dioxide, a gas

from the air, enters the leaf by the openings. Carbon dioxide is given off by people

and animals when they breathe.

When plants use carbon dioxide, they give off a gas called oxygen. People and

animals need oxygen to live. Some of the water in the plant is given off through the

leaves. Carbon dioxide goes into the leaves of the plant through tiny openings like

those in this picture.

Food storage parts

You have learned that all green plants make food.

You know that the plants use part of the food they make.

This food is used to grow new leaves and roots.

What happens to the rest of the food? God made

green plants in a special way. All extra food is stored

somewhere in the plant. Some plants such as lettuce

store their extra food in the leaves. Many plants such as

beets and carrots store food in their roots. The celery plant stores food in its stem.

Corn, beans, and peas store food in their seeds. Still other plants store food in their

fruits. Could you say, then, that you had roots, stems, and leaves for dinner?

stem

[stɛm] j

莖；（樹）幹

相關詞

Some wild vines ran up the stems of the corn.

一些野生的藤蔓纏繞著玉米莖往上長。

leaf [lif] n. 葉子；

branch [bræntʃ] n. 樹枝，分支；root [rut] n. 根

trunk

[trʌŋk] j

樹幹

相關詞

The trunk of this tree is thicker than

three meters.

這棵樹的樹幹有超過三公尺粗。

bole [bol] n. 樹幹；bud [bʌd] n. 芽

cabbage

[ˋkæbɪdʒ] j

高麗菜

相關詞

My brother likes to eat cabbage.

弟弟喜歡吃高麗菜。

Chinese cabbage n. 大白菜；

spinach [ˋspɪnɪtʃ] n. 菠菜；

celery [ˋsɛlərɪ] n. 芹菜；

leek [lik] n. 韭菜

picture

[ˋpɪktʃɚ] j

畫；畫像；

圖片；照片

相關詞

This picture vividly portrays the condition

of life in China at that time.

這幅圖片生動地呈現了那個時期中國的生活狀況

portrait [ˋportret] n. 肖像畫；

painting [ˋpentɪŋ] n. 繪畫；

portray [porˋtre] v. 描繪

Are They Insects?

牠們是昆蟲嗎？

Are They Insects?

Read each passage. After each passage you will answer a question about the

main idea of the passage. Remember, the main idea is the main point in a story.

I. Mayflies are insects. They begin life underwater. As they grow older, mayflies

leave the water and grow wings. When their wings are strong, they fly with

thousands of other mayflies near the water. You can often see them by ponds.

They look like a dark cloud hanging over the water.

1. The story mainly tells .

A. why mayflies have no wings

B. what looks like a cloud

C. about the life of mayflies

D. how mayflies grow on land

II. Some butterflies lay their eggs on just one kind of plant. By tasting the plant, they

know which one is right. Sometimes butterflies taste the wrong plant, so they fly

to another plant and taste again. When they find the right plant, they lay their eggs

there. Soon the eggs hatch. The hungry babies eat the plant their mother chose!

2. The story mainly tells .

A. when baby butterflies come out of eggs

B. how butterflies choose where to lay eggs

C. what flies from one plant to another

D. how butterflies always taste the right plant

III. Centipedes are not insects, but they look like insects. They are long animals with

short legs. Centipede means “hundred feet,” but centipedes have 350 legs!

Millipedes also have many legs. Millipede means “thousand feet,” but they have

about 700 legs!

3. The story mainly tells .

A. how many legs centipedes and millipedes have

B. what kind of animal a centipede is

C. that centipedes have one hundred legs

D that millipedes have one thousand legs

IV. A fly has six feet. Each foot has a plump little pad on the bottom. The pads flatten

out when the fly walks on a smooth surface. They give off a sticky liquid that

holds the fly to the wall or the ceiling. The liquid acts like glue so that the fly

doesn’t fall.

4. The story mainly tells .

A. how many legs a fly has

B. about the fly’s special feet

C. how flies make glue

D. about different types of flies

V. Many people don’t like bugs. Some bugs bite or sting people. Other bugs eat

people’s plants and fruits. People poison bugs to get rid of them. Now scientists

are finding new ways to kill bugs with germs. The germs make the bugs sick, and

then they die. Scientists also use bugs to fight the other bugs. The ladybug is an

example. It eats bugs that hurt fruit.

5. The story mainly tells .

A. poison is not the only way to get rid of bugs

B. people need to stay away from ladybugs

C. most bugs like to eat fruit trees

D. the germs make the bugs stronger

insect

['insekt] j

昆蟲

相關詞

Are mayflies insect or not?

蜉蝣是不是昆蟲？

insecticide [ɪnˋsɛktə͵saɪd] n. 殺蟲劑；

worm [wɝm] n. 蟲；pest [pɛst] n. 害蟲；

mayfly [ˋme͵flaɪ] n. 蜉蝣

pond

[pɑnd] j

池塘

相關詞

Children like to play at the pond.

孩子們喜歡在池塘邊玩。

pool [pul] n. 水塘；penstock [ˋpɛn͵stɑk] n. 水渠；

drain [dren] n. 水溝

hang

[hæŋ] l

把…掛起；懸掛展出

相關詞

My mother hung the clothes on the rope.

媽媽把衣服掛在繩子上。

hanging [ˋhæŋɪŋ] n. 絞死，絞刑；

suspend [səˋspɛnd] v. 使暫停，使停留；

swing [swɪŋ] v. 擺動

butterfly

[ˋbʌtɚ͵flaɪ] j

蝴蝶

相關詞

I saw a butterfly resting on the leaf.

我看見一隻蝴蝶在樹葉上休息。

bee [bi] n. 蜜蜂；moth [mɔθ] n. 飛蛾；

ladybug [ˋledɪ͵bʌg] n. 瓢蟲

hungry

[ˋhʌŋgrɪ] k

饑餓的；

顯出饑餓樣子的

相關詞

I felt very hungry today so I ate a lot.

我今天很餓，所以吃了很多。

hunger [ˋhʌŋgɚ] v. 挨餓；

starving [ˋstɑrvɪŋ] adj. 饑餓的；

thirsty [ˋθɝstɪ] adj. 口渴的

centipede

[ˋsɛntə͵pid] j

蜈蚣

相關詞

Centipedes can be used as medicinal material.

蜈蚣能當藥材用。

millipede [ˋmɪlə͵pid] n. 多足類；

mantis [ˋmæntɪs] n. 螳螂；

cockroach [ˋkɑk͵rotʃ] n. 蟑螂

plump

[plʌmp] k

豐滿的；胖嘟嘟的

相關詞

The baby has rosy plump cheeks.

這嬰兒的面頰紅紅胖嘟嘟的。

plumpness [ˋplʌmpnɪs] n. 豐滿；

chubby [ˋtʃʌbɪ] adj. 圓胖的；

pudgy [ˋpʌdʒɪ] adj. 矮胖的

flatten

[ˋflætn] l

使平坦；弄平

相關詞

My mother flattened the clothes with an iron.

媽媽用熨斗把衣服燙平。

flat [flæt] adj. 平坦的；

flatness [ˋflætnɪs] n. 平坦，單調；

widen [ˋwaɪdn] v. 使寬廣

surface

[ˋsɝfɪs] j

表面；表相

相關詞

The surface of the lake is quite still

because there was no wind.

由於沒有風，湖面很平靜。

exterior [ɪkˋstɪrɪɚ] n. 外部；

face [fes] n. 表面，面子；

outside [ˋaʊtˋsaɪd] n. 外部，外觀

Sounds You Hear

你聽到的聲音

Sounds You Hear

Wind can whistle and rustle the leaves.

Water can gurgle and splash.

A bird can sing, way up in the trees.

A cricket can chirp in the grass.

The wail of siren,

The clink of a spoon,

The jingle or ring of a bell,

Can you tell what’s happening outside of your room.

They are sounds you know so well.

whistle

[ˋhwɪsL] l

鳴汽笛；吹口哨

相關詞

When you hear the referee whistle,

just rush towards the ball.

你一聽到裁判吹哨，就往球的方向衝過去。

alarm [əˋlɑrm] v. 警告，使驚恐；

bugle [ˋbjugL] v. 吹號，吹喇叭；

horn [hɔrn] v. 鳴笛

rustle

[ˋrʌsL] l

使沙沙作響

相關詞

During the night, I heard the cold wind

rustling the leaves.

我聽見寒風在夜裡吹得樹葉沙沙作響。

whisper [ˋhwɪspɚ] v. 耳語、低語，颯颯地響；

swishy [swɪʃɪ] adj. 嗖地作響的；

whoosh [hwuʃ] n. 嗖的一聲，嘶嘶聲

gurgle

[ˋgɝgL] l

(水等) 汩汩地流

相關詞

The water gurgled out of the pipe.

水從管子裡汩汩地流了出來。

bubble [bʌbL] v. 冒泡，發出氣泡聲；

flow [flo] v. 流動；torrent [ˋtɔrənt] n. 激流

splash

[splæʃ] l

濺；潑

相關詞

I didn’t mean to splash the page with ink.

我不是故意把墨水濺到頁面上。

ripple [ˋrɪp!] n. 漣漪；surf [sɝf] n. 拍岸浪花；

spray [spre] n. 浪花，水花

cricket

[ˋkrɪkɪt] j

蟋蟀

相關詞

There is a cricket hopping in the grass.

草叢裡有一隻蟋蟀在跳。

grasshopper [ˋgræs͵hɑpɚ] n. 蚱蜢；

locust [ˋlokəst] n. 蝗蟲；

beetle[ˋbitL] n. 甲蟲

chirp

[tʃɝp] l

唧唧叫

相關詞

I heard birds chirping among the trees.

我聽到鳥兒在樹叢裡鳴叫。

twitter [ˋtwɪtɚ] v. 吱吱叫；啁啾；

bray [bre] v. 驢叫；mew [mju] v. 貓喵喵叫；

tweet [twit] v. 吱吱地叫；啁啾鳴叫

wail

[wel] j

慟哭聲；呼嘯聲

相關詞

I heard the wail from this room.

我聽到從這個房間裡發出了一陣哀號聲。

moan [mon] n. 呻吟聲，嗚咽聲；

scream [skrim] n. 尖叫聲；zing [zɪŋ] v. 尖嘯聲

siren

[ˋsaɪrən] j

汽笛；報警器

相關詞

The siren suddenly went off at midnight.

警笛突然在半夜響了起來。

burglar alarm [ˋbɝglɚ] [əˋlɑrm] n. 防盜警報器；

car alarm [kɑr] [əˋlɑrm] n. 汽車防盜器；

hooter [ˋhutɚ] n. 汽笛；警笛

clink

[klɪŋk]j

叮噹聲

相關詞

I got mad at the clink of keys.

鑰匙碰撞時的叮噹聲，讓我感到很煩。

click [klɪk] n. 滴答聲；tinkle [ˋtɪŋkL] n. 叮噹聲；

jingle [ˋdʒɪŋgL] n. 叮噹聲；ring [rɪŋ] v. 鳴，響

spoon

[spun] j

湯匙；勺子相關詞

Use a spoon to stir up the soup.

用湯匙攪拌湯。

bowl [bol] n. 碗；

dish [dɪʃ] n. 盤，碟；

pot [pɑt] n. 鍋

Plants

植物

Root

Roots are the part of the plant that is in the ground. The roots

of the plant hold the plant in the ground. On each root are tiny root

hairs. These tiny root hairs grow into the soil. They take in water

and minerals. The plant uses water and minerals to make food.

Without water and minerals, the plant cannot grow.

Stems

Now look at a plant’s stems. These stems are like tiny pipes. Water and minerals

can travel through the stem. The stem takes water and minerals to the...

國立台灣科技大學應用外語系黃玟君 博士 熱情推薦

知己知彼，百戰百勝

在台灣，「英語學習」是全民運動，不過很可惜的是，大部分從事此「運動」的學習者雖試過各式各樣的學習方式，卻很少有人會利用西方世界的「教科書」來當作自己學習英文的讀物。有趣的是，很多研究都證實，最佳的外語教材不是刻意根據既定的文法規則或單字所寫出的句子，也不是與現實生活脫節、艱深難懂的文章，而是真正在西方世界被用來教導當地學生（也就是native speakers，「母語者」）的教材。根據研究，這些真實的教材不僅可以讓人學習到更真實、自然的英文，也更能激起其學習的興趣，因為根據這些教材所學到的單字、句型等，才是西方世界國家經常使用的單字、句型，而這也才是英語學習最終的目的：藉由瞭解西方世界的語言使用方式，真實且自然地與母語者溝通。

本書便是這樣一本符合上述精神的讀物。這本書以美國國小的教科書為內容，其選文題材多樣且豐富，主題涵蓋科學、社會、語文和數學；而且選文的形式並非一般教科書一成不變的長篇大論，而是有吸引人的故事、詩篇，以及填空、回答問題、偵錯等，多樣化的文章形式讓人讀來興趣盎然。

此外，搭配選文的「練習」也值得讚賞。這部分的內容有別於「選文」的知識灌輸，主要以腦力激盪、培養讀者獨立及批判性思考能力為主。例如書中的練習會要求讀者在一群單字中找出其中一個不屬於同類的單字，這種比較、類比的技巧不僅在學習不同學科或應付考試時很重要，也是生活中必備的能力。此部分的題型也很活潑，例如要求讀者完成填字遊戲或做科學實驗等，都可幫助讀者體認「學習」不是死背課本即可，還必須能夠活用。因此，千萬不要因為這本書是「小學課本」就直覺認定它幼稚簡單；若讀者好好利用，相信會從中學習到許多能力！

當然，身為一本「單字」書，本書所選擇的都是英語世界隨處可見、耳熟能詳的單字，例如在「科學篇」中提到青蛙的叫法是croak、老鼠的叫法是cheep，這些都是日常生活中常見，但台灣學習者卻不見得會學到的單字。此外，本書所列的單字還會搭配幾個相關詞，例如「社會篇」中介紹單字roar（怒吼；咆哮）時，便列舉了幾個意思相似但意義不同的單字，如shout（大喊）、scream（尖叫）、whine（哀號）等，一方面可以增加讀者的字彙量，一方面也可幫助讀者釐清不同單字的意思。

身為英語教育者，我認為本書最棒的地方在於它不僅僅是本單字書，也是一本教讀者「如何閱讀英文」的書。例如書中會要求讀者閱讀一小段文字就做summary（摘要），而這正是閱讀的重要技巧之一，除了可以找出文章重點，也可在閱讀長篇文章時不容易分心。此外，本書也提出許多閱讀的好方式，例如提醒讀者「瞭解文意是藉由思考文中的其他單字來學習新單字的方法」，告訴讀者不應死背單字，而是應從文章的上、下文來「猜單字」，而這才是學習單字最有意義也有效的方式。

最後，我希望藉此書鼓勵讀者「不只學英文，也學文化」，亦即在閱讀本書的選文時，將自己融入西方、尤其是美國文化的氛圍，這樣的語言學習才能深刻、也才更有意義！

國立台灣科技大學應用外語系黃玟君 博士 熱情推薦

知己知彼，百戰百勝

在台灣，「英語學習」是全民運動，不過很可惜的是，大部分從事此「運動」的學習者雖試過各式各樣的學習方式，卻很少有人會利用西方世界的「教科書」來當作自己學習英文的讀物。有趣的是，很多研究都證實，最佳的外語教材不是刻意根據既定的文法規則或單字所寫出的句子，也不是與現實生活脫節、艱深難懂的文章，而是真正在西方世界被用來教導當地學生（也就是native speakers，「母語者」）的教材。根據研究，這些真實的教材不僅可以讓人學習到更真實、自然的英文，也...

第一篇科學篇

※God-made Objects and Man-made Objects 上帝創造的東西和人類創造的東西
※Plants 植物
※Are They Insects? 它們是昆蟲嗎？
※You Hear Sounds 你聽到的聲音
※Different Animals 不同的動物
※Mammals 哺乳動物
※How Are Animals Different? 動物有哪些不同？
※How Do Animals Grow and Change? 動物是怎樣成長變化的？
※Keeping up with the Dinosaurs 關注恐龍
※Black Widow Spider 黑寡婦毒蛛
※Starfish 　海星
※Personal Safety 個人安全
※Your Body Digests Food 身體如何消化食物
※The Body Needs Oxygen and Gives off Carbon Dioxide
身體需要氧氣並排出二氧化碳
※How to Care of the Teeth 如何保護好牙齒
※Water as a Solid 固態的水
※Chemical Change 化學變化
※Molecules, Atoms, and Elements 分子、原子和元素
※From Electrons to Electric Current 從電子到電流
※Rainstorms, Thunder and Lightning 暴風雨和雷電
※Stars We See 我們看到的星星
※Comparing Earth and Venus 比較地球和金星

第二篇社會篇
※I Love My Country 我愛我的祖國
※A Nation of Immigrants 移民之國
※Symbols of My America 美國的標誌
※Yellowstone Park on Fire! 黃石國家公園著火了！
※Citizens Now 現在是公民了
※Great People 偉大的人
※Alexander Graham Bell 亞歷山大•格雷厄姆•貝爾
※A Great Woman 一位偉大的女性
※Save the Earth! 拯救地球！
※Save the Turkeys! 拯救火雞！
※Sweet Home 溫馨的家
※Message in the Sky 來自天上的信號
※Merry-go-rounds 旋轉木馬
※Scarecrows Then and Now 稻草人的發展史
※Baseball 棒球
※Basketball 籃球
※Floor Exercises for Gymnasts 自由體操
※Libraries 圖書館
※News Magazines 新聞雜誌
※Fun with Photography 攝影的樂趣
※The Civilizations of Maya 瑪雅文明
※The Farming Revolution 農業改革
※Words Around the Nation

第三篇語文和數學篇
※Sight Words 常見字彙
※Consonant Blends 輔音連讀
※Clean up the Fragments 整理殘缺句子
※Letter Writing 寫信
※Personal Narrative 自我描述
※Nothing but Net 球網
※Tennis Lingo 網球術語
※Basketball Talk 籃球大家談
※Before the Game 比賽前
※Pregame Warm-up 賽前熱身
※Place Value 數字的位元值
※Rounding: Hundreds and Thousands 百位和千位的四捨五入
※Two Ways to Pay Cent & Dollar 用美分和美元支付的兩種方法
※Number Signal 數字提示
※Estimating 概算
※Multistep Problems 多重運算題
※Problem Solving 應用題
※Snack Time 零食時間
※Fraction and Decimal Equivalents 分數和小數的等式

第一篇科學篇

※God-made Objects and Man-made Objects 上帝創造的東西和人類創造的東西
※Plants 植物
※Are They Insects? 它們是昆蟲嗎？
※You Hear Sounds 你聽到的聲音
※Different Animals 不同的動物
※Mammals 哺乳動物
※How Are Animals Different? 動物有哪些不同？
※How Do Animals Grow and Change? 動物是怎樣成長變化的？
※Keeping up with the Dinosaurs 關注恐龍
※Black Widow Spider 黑寡婦毒蛛
※Starfish 　海星
※Personal Safety 個人安全
※Your Body Digests Food 身體如何消化食物
※The B...