Strength and Direction of the Linear Relationship

"1.Researchers found a correlation coefficient of r=0.50 on personality measures for identical twins. A reporter interpreted this to mean that “the environment orchestrated one half of their personality differences.”
a.r is a measure of the strength and direction of the linear relationship.
Yes or no
b.r is a measure of the amount of variation
yes or no
c.r=0.5 implies the environment orchestrated one half of their personality differences.
Yes or no
"