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經濟學假設人是理性的,人們也常理所當然地思考事件的因果關係,或認為自己能理性地做出決策及適切行為,但行為經濟學家艾瑞利(Dan Ariely),在全球大受歡迎的著作《誰說人是理性的》(Predictably Irrational)中,以創意十足的實驗揭開真相:人真的不理性啊!
艾瑞利在新作《The Upside of Irrationality》仍進行許多有趣實驗,只是這次聚焦人們在職場、日常生活、感情及家庭、公共政策的行為模式,看看在特定情況下,自以為理性的人們,實際上有多「無理」。比方當人們完成一件須要DIY的傢俱,會因親手完成的成就感,而認為成品品質好的不得了 (即使傢俱本身品質沒特別好)。艾瑞利的實驗還發現,非理性的情緒不只影響我們對事情的看法,也常讓我們在工作、家庭生活中做出錯誤決策,而這些決策很容易形成固定模式,造成往後更多錯誤決策。艾瑞利舉了個常見例子:當你一整天上班很累、還發生讓自己情緒大壞的事,回家後很容易對平時不在意的事做出激烈反應,讓你跟伴侶陷入更大爭吵、而不悅的情緒,很容易形成固定的相處模式,無限循環下去。要如何降低不理性帶來的傷害?艾瑞利提出了建言,並以「獨木舟」為例,剖析感情相處模式。
雖然本書充斥實驗、理性分析,但艾瑞利寫來非常平易近人且有趣,他提供全新觀點,讓讀者理解人們公私生活中,處處受到不理性思考模式牽制,包括:工作的真正動機、影響工作態度的要素、愚蠢行為變成習慣的原因、生活的意義、甚至戀愛關係的經營。艾瑞利並提出突破「無理」、做出好決策的方法,讓我們能避開非理性路徑,將困難迎刃而解!(文/歐蘭紐頓)
The provocative follow-up to the New York Times bestseller Predictably Irrational
Why can large bonuses make CEOs less productive?
How can confusing directions actually help us?
Why is revenge so important to us?
Why is there such a big difference between what we think will make us happy and what really makes us happy?
In his groundbreaking book Predictably Irrational, social scientist Dan Ariely revealed the multiple biases that lead us into making unwise decisions. Now, in The Upside of Irrationality, he exposes the surprising negative and positive effects irrationality can have on our lives. Focusing on our behaviors at work and in relationships, he offers new insights and eye-opening truths about what really motivates us on the job, how one unwise action can become a long-term habit, how we learn to love the ones we’re with, and more.
Drawing on the same experimental methods that made Predictably Irrational one of the most talked-about bestsellers of the past few years, Ariely uses data from his own original and entertaining experiments to draw arresting conclusions about how—and why—we behave the way we do. From our office attitudes, to our romantic relationships, to our search for purpose in life, Ariely explains how to break through our negative patterns of thought and behavior to make better decisions. The Upside of Irrationality will change the way we see ourselves at work and at home—and cast our irrational behaviors in a more nuanced light.
作者簡介
Dan Ariely is the James B. Duke Professor of Psychology and Behavioral Economics at Duke University, with appointments at the Fuqua School of Business, the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, the Department of Economics, and the School of Medicine. Dan earned one PhD in cognitive psychology and another PhD in business administration. His work has been featured in the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Washington Post, the Boston Globe, Business 2.0, Scientific American, and Science. Dan has appeared on CNN and CNBC, and is a regular commentator on National Public Radio’s Marketplace. He lives in Durham, North Carolina, with his wife and two children.