General Introduction.- 1. The Barbary Macaque.- I: The Barbary Macaque in the Wild.- 2. The Demise of Barbary Macaque Habitat - Past arid Present Forest Cover of the Maghreb.- 3. A Brief Historical Account of the Recent Decline in Geographic Distribution of the Barbary Macaque in North Africa.- 4. The Distribution and Current Status of the Barbary Macaque in North Africa.- 5. Demography of the Barbary Macaque at Ain Kahla in the Moroccan Moyen Atlas.- 6. The Feeding Ecology of the Barbary Macaque and Cedar Forest Conservation in the Moroccan Moyen Atlas.- 7. Aspects of the Ecology and Conservation of the Barbary Macaque in the Fir Forest Habitat of the Moroccan Rif Mountains.- II: The Barbary Macaque in Captive and Semi-Natural Environments.- 8. The Sense and Direction of Captive Breeding Programmes - The Position of the Barbary Macaque.- 9. A Comparison of Proximity Behavior in Two Groups of Barbary Macaques - Implications for the Management of the Species in Captivity.- 10. Breeding Barbary Macaques in Outdoor Open Enclosures.- 11. Structure and Dynamics of the Barbary Macaque Population in Gibraltar.- 12. The Genetic Implications of Effective Population Size for the Barbary Macaque in Gibraltar.- Conclusions and Recommendations.- 13. Conclusions and Recommendations.- Appendix I: Definition of Age-Sex Classes for the Barbary Macaque.- Appendix II: Diet of the Barbary Macaque in the Wild.- Appendix III: Variant Spelling of Place Names Mentioned in the Text.- Contributors.