This probing analysis examines the ideological and psychological elements involved in historical acts of denial. Major cases of dissent are discussed in terms of their base issues--Holocaust denial as an ethnic phenomenon, Stalinist denial by Marxist scholars as an ideological phenomenon, Japanese jingoistic denial since the 1960s as a cultural phenomenon--while the pathology of repudiation and self-deception are skillfully explored. Online conspiracy theories and other, more modern, ruses are also discussed.