Mohamed A.M. Ismail, PhD (Cairo); FCIArb (London) is the vice president of the Conseil d’État and judge at the Supreme Administrative Court, Egypt. He is an arbitrator in international commercial disputes. Dr Ismail is affiliated with several global legal bodies/organisations. He is a Member of the Comité Française De L’Arbitrage (Paris) and a member of the ’Public Contracts in Legal Globalization’ as a global research network at Sciences Po University, Paris. He has been appointed as an expert to the Working Group of the ICC and UNIDROIT on International Investment Contracts. Dr Ismail was a visiting research fellow at Max Planck Institute for Comparative and International Private Law, Hamburg.