The political economist Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) first rose to prominence in 1798 with the publication of his Essay on the Principle of Population, in which he blamed rising levels of poverty on the inability of Britain’s resources to support its growing population. Dealing with issues of social, economic and political history this work offers a fresh and insightful investigation into one of the most influential, though misunderstood, thinkers of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.