Beyond Realism: Naturalist Film in Theory and Practice

Beyond Realism: Naturalist Film in Theory and Practice is the first major critical study of international naturalist cinema.

Often mistaken for realist film, international naturalist cinema has a unique cultural and critical history. From its earliest representation in silent films such as Walsh’s Regeneration (1915), and Eisenstein’s Stachka/Strike (1925), to recent productions such as Chukwu’s Clemency (2019), and Aronofsky’s The Whale (2022), the naturalist film narrative encompasses the whole of film history, traversing language, movement, and genre. The naturalist film is predicated on two foundational, intersecting paradigms that configure as one ideological system in an overarching scientific and social experimental narrative. Either the scientific or social paradigm may be dominant in the film narrative or they may simply co-exist, but a naturalist film reveals both templates and, most significantly, suggests an implicit cinematic anthropology that renders the body as an observed spectacle.

Robert Singer, Professor of Liberal Studies, CUNY Graduate Center [ret]. He received a Ph.D. from New York University in Comparative Literature. His areas of expertise include literary and film interrelations, interdisciplinary research in film history and aesthetics, and comparative studies. He is the ReFocus: American and International Film series co-editor for Edinburgh University Press. He has written and directed several independent short films and co-produced the animated film, Ulalume (2022). Among his more recent publications are Consuming Images: Film Art and the Television Commercial (EUP, 2020), co-authored with Gary Rhodes, and ＂A View from the Boardwalk: The W.P.A. New York City Guide and Coney Island Hypertext,＂ in Rewriting America: New Essays on the Federal Writers’ Project, ed. Sara Rutkowski, (2022).