The second edition will include four new topics that fully address the scope of Lean: Hoshin Kanri (HK), Managing for Daily Improvement (MDI), Production Preparation Process (3P), and Lean in project management (especially for projects in product development). HK is a management planning process that evolved in Japan concurrent with Lean and early adopters employed it. MDI addresses the 5th S (sustain) in the 5S process. Together, HK and MDI answer questions such as: How is Lean tied to strategic planning? What is the role of management in Lean? How are daily improvements tied to organizational goals? and How are improvements sustained? The two topics address Lean as a "culture."