1. Immunology of Vaccine Adjuvants Carla M.S. Ribeiro and Virgil E.J.C. Schijns 2. Preclinical Development of AS04 Nathalie Garçon 3. Nonclinical Safety Assessment of Vaccines and Adjuvants Jayanthi J. Wolf, Catherine V. Kaplanski, and Jose A. Lebron 4. Aluminum Adjuvants: Preparation, Application, Dosage, and Formulation with Antigen Erik B. Lindblad and Niels E. Sch nberg 5. Freund’s Complete and Incomplete Adjuvants, Preparation, and Quality Control Standards for Experimental Laboratory Animals Use Duncan E.S. Stewart-Tull 6. Liposomal Adjuvants: Preparation and Formulation with Antigens Jean Haensler 7. Micro/Nanoparticle Adjuvants: Preparation and Formulation with Antigens Padma Malyala and Manmohan Singh 8. Adjuvant Activity on Human Cells in vitro Dominique De Wit and Michel Goldman 9. Adjuvant Activity on Murine and Human Macrophages Valerie Quesniaux, Francois Erard, and Bernhard Ryffel 10. In vitro Effects of Adjuvants on B Cells Jörg Vollmer and Hanna Bellert 11. NKT Cell Responses to Glycolipid Activation Josianne Nitcheu Tefit, Gwyn Davies, and Vincent Serra 12. Tracking Dendritic Cells in vivo Catherine M. Rush and James M. Brewer 13. Adjuvant Effects on Antibody Titre Barry Walker and Ian Feavers 14. Functional Antibody Assays Ian Feavers and Barry Walker 15. Determining Adjuvant Activity on T Cell Function in vivo: Th Cells Thomas Lindenstr m, Peter Andersen, and Else Marie Agger 16. Quantitative Multiparameter Assays to Measure the Effect of Adjuvants on Human Antigen Specific CD8 T Cell Responses Laurent Derré, Camilla Jandus, Petra Baumgaertner, Vilmos Posevitz, Estelle Devêvre, Pedro Romero, and Daniel E. Speiser 17. Large-Animal Model for Establishing E/T-Ratio of Adjuvants Luuk A. Th. Hilgers 18. Determining the Activity of Mucosal Adjuvants Barbara C. Baudner and Giuseppe Del Giudice 19. Adjuvant Activity of Cytokines Michael G. Tovey and Christophe Lallemand