’Race Is Everything’: Art and Human Classification

A timely and revealing look at the intertwined histories of science, art, and racism.

’Race Is Everything’ explores the spurious but influential ideas of so-called racial science in the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries, and how art was affected by it. David Bindman looks at race in general, but with particular concentration on attitudes toward and representations of people of African and Jewish descent. He argues that behind all racial ideas of the period lies the belief that outward appearance--and especially skull shape, as studied in the pseudoscience of phrenology--can be correlated with inner character and intelligence, and that these could be used to create a seemingly scientific hierarchy of races. The book considers many aspects of these beliefs, including the skull as a racial marker; ancient Egypt as a precedent for Southern slavery; Darwin, race, and aesthetics; the purported ＂Mediterranean race＂; the visual aspects of eugenics; and the racial politics of Emil Nolde.

David Bindman is the Emeritus Durning-Lawrence Professor of the History of Art, University College London, and a fellow of the Hutchins Center, Harvard University. He is the author or editor of many books including Ape to Apollo: Aesthetics and the Idea of Race in the 18th Century, also published by Reaktion Books.