A History of Banks: From the Knights Templar to the Present Era

Mehmet Baha Karan is a Professor of Finance at the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. His research focuses on financial economics and energy economics. He is a board member of the Multinational Finance Society and co-founder of the Center for Energy and Value Issues (CEVI). He is passionate about fair competition in financial markets and independent central banks.

Wim Westerman is Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB) at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands. His research focuses on financial management, and he is co-founder of the Center for Energy and Value Issues (CEVI). He likes customer-centric financial intermediation systems.

Jacob Wijngaard is Professor Emeritus of Production Management at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands. After his retirement, he became interested in the multifaceted operations of the global monetary system and has since been developing ideas of how to redesign it for a more robust and less bank-oriented future.