Evolutionary computation offers powerful problem-solving methodologies inspired by models of natural genetics and evolutionary processes. Potential applications are wide-ranging and include problems related to combinatorial optimization, numerical optimization, multi-objective optimization, and others, as well as specific applications of these problems in diverse domains, such as engineering, design, medicine, robotics, science, etc. Techniques from evolutionary computation often lend themselves well to parallel and distributed implementations and are often more effective in dealing with challenging problem characteristics such as non-linearity and high dimensionality than alternative approaches. This Special Issue brings together recent advances in the theory and application of evolutionary computation.