This Reprint highlights recent research advancements in four key aspects within the machining field of difficult-to-machine materials, namely, material removal mechanisms, abrasive machining technology, composite energy field machining technologies, and the development of high-performance cutting tools. A comprehensive overview of advanced machining technologies for difficult-to-machine materials is presented in the Reprint, such as polishing, diamond wire saw cutting, ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining, laser-assisted machining, and vibration-assisted electrode electrochemical drilling. These advanced theories and technologies offer significant novel insights into efficient and low-damage machining of difficult-to-machine materials.