The work was carried out in order to assess how the new laws related to extraction rights and social safeguards are affecting socioeconomic well-being of communities in the Albertine Graben.The study concentrated both on primary and secondary data. The primary survey was a critical component of the study as it would yield crucial data on the oil governance and socioeconomic well-being of communities in the Albertine Graben (Respondents), and officials from the ministry of lands zonal office, Officials from international oil companies, Local government officials, Political/ religious leaders, Local council members, Bunyoro kingdom officials and Community members.The study was conducted in 4 districts on Hoima, Buliisa Kikube, and Kakumiro in the Albertine Graben region; where a sample of 158 respondents was selected from these districts. Districts were selected using judgmental sampling, and 158 respondents were selected using simple random and purposive sampling. Parameters on the basis of which research questions were formed to investigate the new laws related to extraction rights and social safeguards are affecting socioeconomic well-being of communities in the Albertine Graben.