The conservation of nature in the Congolese context comes up against a series of threats in which man is at the center. The latter, once properly framed, plays the role of conservator, but if he does not find his account in the conservation efforts, appears in second place as a destroyer. In the Congolese context, not only is the population in a state of survival, not feeling concerned by conservation, but also the dependence on mines to which state institutions are subject leaves a grey area in the application of the law in matters of conservation. The geology of the country shows that the subsoil is a scandal and thus, the protected areas are sometimes the places of abnormal concentration of mineral substances of great industrial interest, which is the cause of conflicts of all kinds and covetousness. In this context, seeking to reconcile the two areas would be necessary. However, it is noted an incompatibility between conservation and exploitation of resources at the same sites, where it is necessary to think of alternatives that can compensate for the protected resources that would be protected if the blockage of conservation would not oppose it.