This book outlines the economic policy adopted by Brazil from 2000 to the present day, emphasizing the effects of the crises, the investigation into their main causes, and the country’s return from an emerging economy to an underdeveloped country, in the context of the 2008 world crisis, which began in the United States and had worldwide repercussions. The focus is on the Brazilian economy, which has peculiarities such as a supply of demand, unlike other nations, which have had their demand reduced. Prognoses and possible interventions are also pointed out in this work, as well as expectations for the country’s near future.