This research aims to delve into the conflictive relations between the Government of Gabriel Gonzalez Videla, the Communist Party, the Coal Companies and the Mining Unions during the 1947 strike in Lota and Coronel. Subsequently, special emphasis will be placed on the State of Siege that Lota and Coronel suffered under the Armed Forces and how it affected the workers’ movement and its sympathizers through the imposition of a system of rules restricting their political and civic rights. In this sense, the disparity of perspectives between the inhabitants of both cities about militarization and the type of coexistence, resistance and adaptation to the circumstances that were generated at the time will be distinguished.