The transportation of dangerous goods by road accounts for most of the chemical accidents that occur in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, and perhaps in Brazil. Accidents of this kind can have serious consequences for the population, the environment and society in general. However, there is no national database capable of mapping and characterizing the transport of dangerous goods in Brazil, which makes it difficult to implement effective preventive actions. Several bodies and entities are responsible for regulating the transportation of dangerous goods in the country, and the legislation is extensive but sometimes divergent between the states and the federal government. There needs to be a consensus between government agencies and entities to create clear and objective guidelines and adopt measures that effectively reduce accidents in the transportation of dangerous goods by road in Brazil.