This book emerged from a wide-ranging scientific research project carried out between 2016 and 2017. In an attempt to understand whether there were reception systems for refugees in the interior of the state of São Paulo (Brazil), a search was launched in more than 15 municipalities close to the city of Bauru. This article offers some necessary reflections so that public policies for immigrant populations in the centre-west of São Paulo can be re-evaluated. It also presents fundamental concepts for understanding refuge in Brazil.