This book discusses the fabrication, characterization and application of nanostructured polyethersulfone/ Titanium nanoribbons (TNRs)/CNTs membranes for water desalination. Today, nanostructures have great potential in many applications such as nanoadsorbents, photocatalysts, sensors, and water treatment. Therefore, it is really important to realize the controllable growth of nanocomposite structures and investigate their properties and application to develop efficient reverse osmosis (RO) membranes for water desalination.