Man’s appropriation of the environment sometimes aims to preserve and sometimes to abuse nature, causing environmental and social conflicts. This book analyzes the socio-environmental conflicts related to surface damage caused by subsidence in old coal mines in and around Criciúma, in the state of Santa Catarina. The theoretical model was developed using Rondeu’s (1996) dynamic conflict analysis model as its main reference, which is presented as an instrument to support the understanding of and solutions to conflicts related to environmental impacts on properties and structures caused by subsidence of old mines mined before 1988. The design of the theoretical model has allowed for a better understanding of the origin and unfolding of conflicts related to subsidence, in terms of the perception and behavior of the actors in the conflict, and also of the solutions that have been put forward, whether through legal or negotiated means. The report presents a set of guidelines to support negotiations related to socio-environmental conflicts.