Salivary Gland disorders, anomaly and new classification - an update

Salivary gland disorders encompass a range of conditions affecting the glands responsible for producing saliva. These disorders can arise from various factors, including infections, autoimmune diseases, tumors, and blockages in the ducts. Anomalies in salivary glands can manifest as congenital abnormalities or developmental issues, impacting their function and structure.A newer classification system for salivary gland disorders has been proposed to provide a more comprehensive understanding and better management strategies. This classification categorizes disorders into inflammatory, infectious, autoimmune, neoplastic, and developmental anomalies. Inflammatory disorders include conditions like sialadenitis, which is inflammation of the salivary glands, often due to bacterial infections. Infectious disorders encompass viral infections like mumps and HIV-related salivary gland disease. Autoimmune disorders involve conditions like Sjögren’s syndrome, where the immune system attacks the glands, leading to dry mouth and eyes. Neoplastic disorders involve benign and malignant tumors of the salivary glands, such as pleomorphic adenoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma.