The monograph is devoted to the problems of the influence of environmental factors on the health of the population living in the conditions of the Southern Aral Sea region. The results of research on the ecological assessment of the state of human population health are presented, which reflects the state of the ecosystem of the Southern Aral Sea region as a whole. The book is addressed to scientists, teachers of higher educational institutions, doctoral students, undergraduates, graduate students, as well as for those who are interested in the problem of environmental protection and reducing the consequences of the Aral ecological crisis in the Southern Aral Sea region.