This book provides a detailed introduction to the basic theories and latest cutting-edge developments of advanced energy materials, specifically focusing on lithium-sulfur batteries. Firstly, it introduces the application of advanced nanofabrication technology in the positive, negative, and separator units of lithium-sulfur batteries. The special function of multifunctional flame-retardant gel is further discussed. Finally, the latest advances in advanced multi-space materials and catalytic materials are presented. This book can be used as both a professional textbook and a monograph in the field of new energy materials and devices.