Coeliac disease is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects the small intestine following the consumption of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. The only effective treatment for coeliac disease is strict adherence to a lifelong gluten-free diet. However, the gluten-free diet often represents a challenge for coeliac disease patients because of the significant dietary restrictions and the risk of cross-contamination. In recent years, significant research has been carried out to explore alternative therapies. Based on various molecular targets involved in the pathogenesis of coeliac disease.