This book focusses on the discipline of economics that is applied to the health care. Broadly defined, economics concerns how society allocates its resources among alternative uses. Scarcity of these resources provides the foundation of economic theory. It provides a useful conceptual basis for many health-related disciplines and as a framework for health policy. Essence of economic thinking is that it the study of choices between alterative use of scarce resources. Health economics is a branch of economic concerned with issues related to scarcity in the allocation of health & health care. Majorly, health economics concerns with the study of functioning of the health care system at the private and public level and social causes of health affecting different individual behaviors.