The dilemma to diagnose orofacial pain has been a persistent problem due to the overlapping symptoms of various underlying conditions. The diagnosis of many such condition relies on thorough medical history and clinical examination. This hurdle of accurate diagnosis poses challenges in treating the condition as well. this book explores the basic understanding of neurophysiology, neurobiology and pathways of pain. The various conditions that may present as orofacial pain have been discussed in this book. This understanding of clinical presentations of these conditions like temporomandibular joint disorders, burning mouth syndromes, myofascial pain helps to accurately diagnose and provide effective treatment for the same.