Kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic adsorption studies

Consumption of water contaminated with heavy metal ions compromise human and animal wellbeing even at permissible limits. Therefore, their removal from water is very important for the safety of consumers. Previously used conventional water treatment techniques were expensive and ineffective. Among them, adsorption has gained research interest because of its ease in design, environmentally friendly and availability of materials in large quantities, especially from agricultural wastes. Several chemical modification techniques are reported to have improved adsorbents removal capacity, including the use of modifying agents such as ethylene -1, 2- diamine. In this study, ethylene- 1, 2- diamine modified Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) seeds were used. The raw adsorbent was chemically modified using thionyl chloride and ethylene -1, 2- diamine. Both raw and modified adsorbent were characterized using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) then employed in batch optimization, kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption experiments.