Real estate speculation in large cities and metropolises causes population densification, as well as countless other problems, both structural and social. One of the most common is the appropriation of unsuitable places for housing, usually by the low-income population. Based on this, it is clear that the occupied areas often need to be expropriated due to the existence of risks for this population, as well as because they are public and/or private areas, triggering repossession. With this in mind, the author invites readers to get to know the socio-economic reality of low-income housing in the municipality of Santa Maria/RS/BR. To this end, this book presents data and information that was collected during various field studies, which were responsible for inserting the author into the social reality of the subject under analysis. In addition, this book aims to develop critical thinking about the current housing scenario in Brazil, as it shows the main public policies that are in force on the national scene. Finally, the author wishes everyone a good read and to enjoy the work.