The issues surrounding the construction of a collective imaginary around Brazilianness and being Brazilian are the basis for the development of this text. What is it, after all, to be Brazilian? Is there an identity that defines Brazilians and their Brazilianness? These are some of the questions that led to the creation of this work, in which the author calls on the repertoire of Brazilian Modernism and contemporary advertising to think about these issues. The book takes the reader on a tour of modern Brazilian artistic creation and contemporary print advertising, in which the poignant images turn aesthetic pleasure into a possibility for reflection on identity issues.