This course completion work was carried out with the help of teachers from the Acupuncture Study Center of Paraná (CESAC) in Curitiba. It deals with the main theories underpinning the diagnosis and treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, including the Theory of Meridians, Vital Substances, Zang Fu and Five Elements. At the end there is a study carried out with a group of patients with chronic low back pain exemplifying the application of Acupuncture in Primary Health Care.