In this research which focused on: "The problem of soil fertility and its management in agricultural production IN the Kagabi group, precisely in the village of Mbiza". This work highlighted the problem of soil infertility in MBIZA, which is due to a number of factors, including the use of traditional soil fertility techniques (monoculture, slope cultivation, use of unimproved inputs, etc.), the lack of improved seeds, and the lack of arable land.This being the case, the problem of soil infertility in MBIZA has negative impacts on socio-economic and environmental life. These negative impacts are reflected in reduced agricultural production, increased poverty and food insecurity, low farm incomes and environmental degradation. To overcome these negative impacts and increase agricultural production in this region, the following strategic axes have been proposed: Establishment of an agricultural service.