Book on Nano-emulsions against lesser grain borer on stored wheat

Storage pests can cause post-harvest losses estimated up to 9 % and 20 % in developed and developing countries, respectively. Storage wheat is heavily infested by various insect pests viz., lesser grain borer, rice weevil, red rust flour beetle, granary weevil, angoumois grain moth and rice moth . Lesser grain borer, R. dominica is a pest which starts its infestation from field and also damage stored grains and this may cause economic damage during storage. Stored grain pests can cause significant economic losses to farmers and food processing industries, as well as pose a threat to food security. They can easily infest and damage stored wheat, reducing the quality and quantity of grain and its products. In order to prevent these losses, it is essential to implement effective management strategies that can control the spread of pests and minimize their impact. Nano-emulsions are stable dispersions of oil droplets in water, with droplet sizes typically in the range of 20-300 nanometer.In addition, nano-emulsions have been found to be more stable and longer-lasting than traditional emulsions, making them a more effective and sustainable pest management too.