Evaluation of Timber Beam Strengthening with Cross-Sectional Loss

This book presents a numerical analysis of the structural performance of hardwood timber beams with cross-sectional loss, with emphasis on techniques for restoring flexural stiffness under service conditions. The study is based on parametric simulations carried out using the finite element method, in which different scenarios of geometric deterioration and strengthening strategies are investigated. Solutions based on screwed steel plates and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) systems are comparatively evaluated, considering the influence of timber strength class, defect location and magnitude, and the characteristics of mechanical connectors. The results make it possible to identify conditions under which partial strengthening can restore or exceed the stiffness of the original element, as well as to discuss the limitations of these techniques, particularly in contexts related to the preservation of timber structures in historic buildings.