古文今用─洋弟子學《論語》(Ancient Texts with Modern Values)

第一章 【孝順】xiào shùn
Chapter 1 Quotes related to filial piety
關於【孝順】的三個論語名言：
Three top quotes about “Filial Piety”:
父母在，不遠遊，遊必有方。
While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a distance. If he does go abroad, he must have a fixed place to which he goes.”
【論語第四．里仁篇．第19節】The Analects, Chapter 4 Li-Ren, Verse 19
父母唯其疾之憂。
Parents are anxious lest their children should be sick.
【論語第二．為政篇．第6節】The Analects, Chapter 2 Wei-Zheng, Verse 6
父母之年，不可不知，一則以喜，一則以懼。
The years of parents may by no means not be kept in the memory, as an occasion at once for joy and for fear.
【論語第四．里仁篇．第21節】The Analects, Chapter 4 Li-Ren, Verse 21


名言一 父母在，不遠遊，遊必有方。
Quote 1 While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a distance. If he does go abroad, he must have a fixed place to which he goes.”
(一) 逐字翻譯 Learn the original text and its meaning
父母在，不遠遊，遊必有方。
fù mǔ zài, bù yuǎn yóu, yóu bì yǒu fāng.
fù父m母zài在，
parents父母 father父親 mother母親at,around,stillalive在家
While your parents are still alive,

bù不yu n遠yóu遊，
do not不可以 far遠方，遠行 travel旅遊
you should not travel far.

yóu遊bì必y u有fāng方。
travel遊玩、旅遊 must必要，必定 have有 要有 direction方向
If you need to travel, you should always tell your parents where you are.


(二) 白話解釋原文
Explanation with the modern text
父母在，不遠遊，遊必有方 。
While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a distance. If he does go
abroad, he must have a fixed place to which he goes.
1. 白話解釋
父母還在（= 還健在= 活著）的時候，孩子不應該到遠方旅遊，因為父母會擔
心孩子的安全，也會想念孩子。孩子旅遊的時候，一定要告訴父母你的去向。
While your parents are still living, children should not travel far. This is because
the parents will worry about their children’s safety, and they will miss their
children. When the children need to travel, they should tell their parents where they
are traveling to.
2. 生詞
生詞Vocabulary拼音Pin Yin英文English詞類Part of Speech
1 健在= 活著jiàn zài =huó zhe at, alive, around adjective
2 應該yīng gāi should verb
3 遠方yuǎn fāng far places noun
4 旅遊lǚ yóu to travel verb
5 擔心dān xīn to worry verb
6 安全ān quán safety noun
7 想念xiǎng niàn whereabout verb
8 去向qù xiàng direction noun
(三) 延伸對話與生詞
Extended learning with sentence practices
1. 會話
A： 你的父母在不在家？
Are your parents at home?
B： 在。他們在家，請等一下。
Yes. They are at home. Please wait for a minute.
A： 下個月我會去中國旅遊。
I am going to travel to China next month.
B： 你旅遊的時候，要記得給你的父母發短信，向他們報平安。
Whenever you are traveling, you should send a text message to your parents
to let them know that you are safe.
2. 生詞
生詞Vocabulary拼音Pin Yin英文English詞類Part of Speech
1 在家zài jiā at home Vs
2 請qǐng please verb
3 等一下děng yí xià wait a minute noun
4 下個月xià gè yuè next month noun
5 中國zhōng guó China noun
6 發短信fā duǎn xìn to send a text message verb
7 報平安bào píng ān to report one’s safety verb
(四) 孔子故事
Stories about Confucius’ life and his teaching
孔子的出生和他的父母
Confucius’ early childhood and his parents.
孔子在西元前551 年（B.C.E.）周朝春秋時代的魯國（現在的中國山東省
曲阜）出生。孔子的爸爸名字是孔紇（叔梁紇），他有九個女兒和一個殘障的
兒子。雖然孔紇（叔梁紇）已經快七十歲了，可是他還想要有一個健康的兒
子。於是，他又娶了一位年輕的女子，就是孔子的媽媽，顏徵在。他們到小山
丘上去祈禱1，希望能生一個兒子。後來孔子出生了，他們就叫他「孔丘」，
字「仲尼」。孔子三歲的時候，他的爸爸就去世了。孔子的媽媽自己一個人把
孔子養大。
Confucius was born in 551 B.C.E. in the State of Lu (in present-day Qufu,
Shandong Province, China), during the Spring and Autumn period of the Zhou
dynasty. Confucius’ father, Kong-He (or Shu-Liang-He), an official from the Lu
State, had nine daughters and a crippled son from his first marriage. In his older
age (near 70’s), he asked Confucius’ mother, Yan Zheng-Zai, to marry him*. They
prayed for a son on a hill. When they had Confucius next year, they name him,
“Qiu”, meaning “Hill.” His capping name (literary name) is Zhong-Ni. Confucius’
father passed away when Confucius was three years old, so his mother raised him
on her ．own.
【原文出處Reference】
1 In KongZi Shijia, it was recorded that Confucius’ parents had a “wild union”( 野
合) then gave birth to Confucius. Some translated this as extra-marital union or had
a child out of wedlock.
【史記．孔子世家．第1 節】Shiji, Kongzi Shijia, Verse 1
【孔子家語．第39 章．本姓解．第1 節】Kongzi Jiayu, Chapter 39 Ben-Xing-
Jie, Verse 1
(五) 論語名言的現代價值評論
Commentary about this ancient text with modern values
Ancient Text：父母在，不遠遊，遊必有方。
While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a
distance. If he does go abroad, he must have a fixed place to
which he goes.
【論語第四．里仁篇．第19 節 】The Analects, Chapter 4 Li-Ren, Verse 19
Modern Values Commentary by: Alexander Viola
Traveling and ultimately living away from your parents is a granted part of a
typically envisioned successful American life. Young adults are expected to take
off from their nests: off to college, to career, and beyond, fashioning brilliant,
independent lives and eventually roosts of their own. So ingrained is this ideal,
it would be almost unreasonable to have a child not roam as they come of age.
However, Confucius importantly—and perhaps knowingly—doesn’t preclude
the very possibility of travel, but merely adds a condition. Let your parents know
where you are. If not roving away from your parents is impossible, following that
one rule certainly is possible—it is no more than an easy call or brief text message,
nowadays. So easy and so brief as to often make it a forgettable thing for a busy
person. Even at the frequent entreaties of parents, doing so misses our minds on
occasion. What might help us to remember is to really understand why they ask this
communication of us, something the conciseness of this quote invites us to ponder.
I think having empathy towards our parents leads us to the answer, as simple and
as human as it is: they worry about us. They just want to know that we are safe,
happy, and healthy where we are—wherever we are. Once we truly comprehend
that, as we see the humanity of our own parents and understand the mercy that such
a simple message might mean, I imagine it will become quite difficult not to send
it.
Alexander Viola 韋明達
Computer Science Major,
The College of New Jersey, USA
(六) 模擬口語考試討論話題
Suggested topics for oral proficiency interview (OPI)
父母在，不遠遊，遊必有方。
While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a distance. If he does go
abroad, he must have a fixed place to which he goes.
【模擬口試考題】
1. 你外出時，會不會先告訴你的父母？為什麼？請說明你覺得為什麼應該告
訴父母你的去向，或是不必告訴父母。
Do you always let your parents know when you go out? Do you think we should
let our parents know where we are going; why or why not?
【中級、高級 – 描述／敘述Intermediate to Advanced Level – can narrate and
describe】
2. 下個月你想要和朋友去旅遊，你們要去比較遠的地方過夜。你會怎麼跟你
的父母說這件事，讓他們放心讓你和朋友出去玩？
（我來扮演你的父母，你來跟我說你想和朋友去旅遊的事情。）
Next mouth, you want to travel with your friends to a far place overnight. How
would you tell your parents so that they will not be worried about your travel? (I
will play the role of your parents. Please talk to me about your weekend plans.)
【中級、高級 – 角色扮演Intermediate to Advanced Level – role play】

第一章 【孝順】xiào shùn
Chapter 1 Quotes related to filial piety
關於【孝順】的三個論語名言：
Three top quotes about “Filial Piety”:
父母在，不遠遊，遊必有方。
While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a distance. If he does go abroad, he must have a fixed place to which he goes.”
【論語第四．里仁篇．第19節】The Analects, Chapter 4 Li-Ren, Verse 19
父母唯其疾之憂。
Parents are anxious lest their children should be sick.
【論語第二．為政篇．第6節】The Analects, Chapte...

CONTENTS
推薦序一 Prefix 1／葉德明 (3)
推薦序二 Prefix 2／顧百里 (4)
推薦序三 Prefix 3／曾金金 (5)
關於本書和作者 Introduction of this book and the author (6)
推薦教學指引 Teaching Guides (15)
　 課程活動與課後作業 Class Activities and Assignments (15)
　 文化討論話題 Topics for Culture Discussion (29)
第一章 孝順 1
Chapter 1 Quotes related to filial piety
第二章 朋友 21
Chapter 2 Quotes related to friendship
第三章 君子或小人 41
Chapter 3 Quotes related to a gentleman or a pitiful man
第四章 學習 59
Chapter 4 Quotes related to learning
第五章 禮 77
Chapter 5 Quotes related to propriety
第六章 快樂 99
Chapter 6 Quotes related to happiness in life
第七章 音樂 125
Chapter 7 Quotes related to music
第八章 仁愛 147
Chapter 8 Quotes related to benevolence
第九章 道德 169
Chapter 9 Quotes related to virtues
第十章 政治 189
Chapter 10 Quotes related to politics
附錄 215
Supplements
附錄一　 生詞延伸學習—漢語水平考試（HSK） 和華語文能力測驗（TOCFL）
Extended Vocabulary Learning on HSK & TOCFL 216
附錄二　 美國總統在演說中引用中文古名言之實例 World Leaders Quoting the
Analects or Chinese Proverb 301
附錄三　 東西方古代哲學家對照年誌圖 Timeline of Western and Chinese
philosophers 323

CONTENTS
推薦序一 Prefix 1／葉德明 (3)
推薦序二 Prefix 2／顧百里 (4)
推薦序三 Prefix 3／曾金金 (5)
關於本書和作者 Introduction of this book and the author (6)
推薦教學指引 Teaching Guides (15)
　 課程活動與課後作業 Class Activities and Assignments (15)
　 文化討論話題 Topics for Culture Discussion (29)
第一章 孝順 1
Chapter 1 Quotes related to filial piety
第二章 朋友 21
Chapter 2 Quotes related to friendship
第三章 君子或小人 41
Chapter 3 Quotes related to a gentleman or a pitifu...