Criminal Behavior and Accountability of Artificial Intelligence Systems: Volume 30

AI systems have the capacity to act in a way that can generally be considered as ’criminal’ by society. Yet, it can be argued that they lack (criminal) agency - and the feeling of it. In the future, however, humans might develop expectations of norm-conforming behavior from machines. Criminal law might not be the right answer for AI-related harm, even though holding AI systems directly liable could be useful - to a certain extent. This book explores the issue of criminal responsibility of AI systems by focusing on whether such legal framework would be needed and feasible. It aims to understand how to deal with the (apparent) conflict between AI and the most classical notions of criminal law. The occurrence of AI is not the first time that criminal law theory has had to deal with new scientific developments. Nevertheless, the debate on criminal liability of AI systems is somewhat different: it is deeply introspective. In other words, discussing the liability of new artificial agents brings about pioneering perspectives on the liability of human agents. As such, this book poses questions that find their answers in one’s own beliefs on what is human and what is not, and, ultimately, on what is right and what is wrong.

About the Maastricht Law Series: Created in 2018 by Boom Juridisch and Eleven International Publishing in association with the Maastricht University Faculty of Law, the Maastricht Law Series publishes books on comparative, European and International law. The series builds upon the tradition of excellence in research at the Maastricht Faculty of Law, its research centers and the Ius Commune Research School. The Maastricht Law Series is a peer reviewed book series that allows researchers an excellent opportunity to showcase their work.

Alice Giannini has a double PhD in criminal law awarded by the University of Florence and Maastricht University. In 2021, she won the first edition of the Giulia Cavallone price. She became a lawyer in November 2019 and has a combined bachelor and master degree in law from the University of Bologna - Alma mater studiorum. Currently, she works as an assistant professor at Maastricht University, Faculty of Law, Department of Criminal law and Criminology.