This book "Mathematics in the Modern World" is designed to illuminate the pervasive role of mathematics in various aspects of contemporary life, aiming to elucidate the subject and showcase its relevance beyond the traditional classroom setting. It seeks to bridge the gap between abstract mathematical concepts and their practical applications in today’s technology-driven society, making mathematics accessible and engaging to a broad audience. The primary target audience includes undergraduate students from non-mathematical majors, educators seeking to integrate real-world applications of mathematics into their teaching, and intellectually curious individuals outside the academic sphere who wish to gain insights into how mathematics influences and shapes the modern world.