美國憲法基本原則與案例（2版）

Introduction1

Chapter 1. Federal Judicial Power3
Section 1. Judicial Review3
MARBURY v. MADISON4
Section 2. Constitutional Interpretation13
McCULLOCH v. MARYLAND14
Section 3. Limits on Judicial Review: Political Questions23
BAKER v. CARR25
NIXON v. UNITED STATES29
Section 4. Limits on Judicial Review: Standing32
ALLEN v. WRIGHT33
LUJAN v. DEFENDERS OF WILDLIFE41

Chapter 2. Federal Legislative Power53
Section 1. The Commerce Clause53
GIBBONS v. OGDEN55
WICKARD v. FILBURN58
UNITED STATES v. LOPEZ60
UNITED STATES v. MORRISON70
GONZALES v. RAICH79
Section 2. Taxing and Spending Powers91
UNITED STATES v. BUTLER92
SABRI v. UNITED STATES95
NATIONAL FEDERATION OF INDEPENDENT BUSINESS v. SEBELIUS99
BAILEY v. DREXEL FURNITURE CO.113
Section 3. Necessary and Proper Clause119
UNITED STATES v. COMSTOCK120

Chapter 3. Federal Executive Power137
Section 1. Inherent Presidential Power137
YOUNGSTOWN SHEET & TUBE CO. v. SAWYER137
Section 2. Congress’ Delegation147
PANAMA REFINING CO. v. RYAN149
WEST VIRGINIA v. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY157
LOPER BRIGHT ENTERPRISES v. RAIMONDO164
IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE v. CHADHA176
Section 3. War and Foreign Affairs186
UNITED STATES v. CURTISS-WRIGHT EXPORT CORP.186
HAMDI v. RUMSFELD189
Section 4. Executive Privilege202
UNITED STATES v. NIXON203
Section 5. Presidential Immunity208
NIXON v. FITZGERALD208
CLINTON v. JONES212
TRUMP v. UNITED STATES218

Chapter 4. Federalism and the Tenth Amendment235
Section 1. The Tenth Amendment235
UNITED STATES v. DARBY236
GARCIA v. SAN ANTONIO METROPOLITAN TRANSIT AUTHORITY238
NEW YORK v. UNITED STATES254
Section 2. Conditions on Grants to State Governments268
SOUTH DAKOTA v. DOLE269

Chapter 5. The Bill of Rights and the Civil War Amendments279
Section 1. Bill of Rights280
Section 2. The Civil War Amendments282
UNITED STATES v. STANLEY (THE CIVIL RIGHTS CASES)283
Section 3. The Incorporation of the Bill of Rights287
PALKO v. CONNECTICUT288
DUNCAN v. LOUISIANA291

Chapter 6. Due Process of Law297
Section 1. Procedural Due Process297
GOLDBERG v. KELLY298
CLEVELAND BOARD OF EDUCATION v. LOUDERMILL302
MATHEWS v. ELDRIDGE305
Section 2. Substantive Due Process: Non-Fundamental Rights311
LOCHNER v. NEW YORK312
WILLIAMSON v. LEE OPTICAL CO.319
KELO v. CITY OF NEW LONDON322
KOONTZ v. ST. JOHNS RIVER WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT331
ALLIED STRUCTURAL STEEL CO. v. SPANNAUS340
KAHLER v. KANSAS346
Section 3. Substantive Due Process: Privacy352
GRISWOLD v. CONNECTICUT355
ROE v. WADE361
PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF SOUTHEASTRN PA. v. CASEY366
DOBBS v. JACKSON WOMEN’S HEALTH ORGANIZATION381
LAWRENCE v. TEXAS404
OBERGEFELL v. HODGES413
WASHINGTON v. GLUCKSBERG432

Chapter 7. Equal Protection of the Laws441
Section 1. Introduction441
Section 2. Economic and Social Laws－The “Mere Rationality” Test441
U.S. RAILROAD RETIREMENT BD. v. FRITZ442
Section 3. Suspect Classifications: Race448
1. The Unconstitutionality of Racial Segregation448
BROWN v. BOARD OF EDUCATION449
2. Racially Discriminatory Purpose and Effect453
WASHINGTON v. DAVIS453
3. Affirmative Action and Race Preferences459
GRUTTER v. BOLLINGER461
RICHMOND v. J.A. CROSON CO.469
Section 4. Suspect Classification: National Origin482
KOREMATSU v. UNITED STATES483
Section 5. Suspect Classification: Alienage488
PLYLER v. DOE489
Section 6. Other Classifications493
1. Gender and Illegitimacy493
CRAIG v. BOREN494
UNITED STATES v. VIRGINIA498
2. Disability, Age and Wealth509
CLEBURNE v. CLEBURNE LIVING CENTER, INC.510
3. Sexual Orientation518
ROMER v. EVANS519
Section 7. Fundamental Rights528
REYNOLDS v. SIMS529
M.L.B. v. S.L.J.534

Chapter 8. Freedom of Speech543
Section 1. Introduction543
Section 2. Advocacy of Imminent Lawless Action544
BRANDENBURG v. OHIO544
Section 3. Fighting Words and Hostile Audiences547
COHEN v. CALIFORNIA547
Section 4. Injury to Reputation and Sensibility551
1. Libel551
NEW YORK TIMES CO. v. SULLIVAN551
2. Tortious Speech558
SNYDER v. PHELPS558
3. Hate Speech566
VIRGINIA v. BLACK566
4. False Speech573
UNITED STATES v. ALVAREZ574
Section 5. Obscenity583
MILLER v. CALIFORNIA584
GINSBERG v. NEW YORK588
Section 6. Commercial Speech593
44 LIQUORMART, INC. v. RHODE ISLAND594
Section 7.Different Standards of Review for Content-Based and
Content-Neutral Regulations603
UNITED STATES v. O’BRIEN604
TEXAS v. JOHNSON610
MATAL v. TAM617
IANCU v. BRUNETTI622
Section 8. Regulation of Political Contribution, Expenditure, and Activity625
CITIZENS UNITED v. FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION625

Chapter 9. Freedom of Association and Press635
Section 1. Freedom of Association635
NAACP v. ALABAMA635
Section 2. Freedom of Press639
NEW YORK TIMES CO. v. UNITED STATES640
BRANZBURG v. HAYES648
Chapter 10. Freedom of Religion655
Section 1. The Establishment Clause655
EDWARDS v. AGUILLARD656
ZELMAN v. SIMMONS-HARRIS662
KENNEDY v. BREMERTON SCHOOL DISTRICT672
Section 2. The Free Exercise of Religion684
CHURCH OF THE LUKUMI BABALU AYE v. CITY OF HIALEAH685
EMPLOYMENT DIVISION, DEPT. OF HUMAN RESOURCES v. SMITH691

Appendix701
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES701

編後語719

Introduction1

Chapter 1. Federal Judicial Power3
Section 1. Judicial Review3
MARBURY v. MADISON4
Section 2. Constitutional Interpretation13
McCULLOCH v. MARYLAND14
Section 3. Limits on Judicial Review: Political Questions23
BAKER v. CARR25
NIXON v. UNITED STATES29
Section 4. Limits on Judicial Review: Standing32
ALLEN v. WRIGHT33
LUJAN v. DEFENDERS OF WILDLIFE41

Chapter 2. Federal Legislative Power53
Section 1. The Commerce Clause53
GIBBONS v. OGDEN55
WICKARD v. FILBURN58
UNI...

編後語

東吳大學法學院自創校以來，即高度重視英美相關法制之教學，並以「案例教學」及「全英語授課」為主軸，有效培養具國際競爭力之法律人才。多年來雖有各類案例教科書之編輯出版，但多因長期未能應時更新，難免不敷使用，而選採英美等國出版之原文教科書又因書價昂貴，造成學生重大經濟負擔，至以網路取得之案例不但未經整理編輯，亦欠缺教科書應有之輔助說明。英美法研究中心同仁因此自2017年開始共同編輯相關教科書，並經多次改版，本書即為其中之一。
本書之編纂，係供非英美法系法學院基礎教學之用，無論章節篇幅或案例選納均刻意精簡，且為使不同英文程度之同學均能有基本認識，各章節摘要說明多以中文為之。又本書共計十章，第一章至第四章係以美國聯邦憲法本文為主，針對司法、立法、行政及聯邦制度等議題，進行介紹討論；第五章至第十章則是以美國聯邦憲法修正案有關人權保障之重要議題為核心，包括正當法律程序、法律平等保護、表達自由、結社自由及宗教自由等。各章節均提供相關原則摘要說明，協助建立架構性認識，並佐以較具代表性判決之選錄，是期透過有限的篇幅，兼顧美國憲法相關法學知識及法律能力之培養。
本人謹代表編纂同仁，感謝理律文教基金會、東吳大學法學院及英美法研究中心所有同仁的協助與支持，尤其感謝實際參與本書編纂的范秀羽教授及李劍非教授的專業貢獻，各參與教授並一致同意將各年度書籍銷售權利金所得，悉數捐贈予東吳大學法學院，以為後續增刪改版之用。
期待本書內容的與時俱進，能使東吳大學法學院多年英美法教學所積蓄之能量，得以繼續為超國界法學教育貢獻棉薄。

姚思遠謹識

編後語

東吳大學法學院自創校以來，即高度重視英美相關法制之教學，並以「案例教學」及「全英語授課」為主軸，有效培養具國際競爭力之法律人才。多年來雖有各類案例教科書之編輯出版，但多因長期未能應時更新，難免不敷使用，而選採英美等國出版之原文教科書又因書價昂貴，造成學生重大經濟負擔，至以網路取得之案例不但未經整理編輯，亦欠缺教科書應有之輔助說明。英美法研究中心同仁因此自2017年開始共同編輯相關教科書，並經多次改版，本書即為其中之一。
本書之編纂，係供非英美法系法學院基礎教學之用，無論章節篇幅或案例選納均...