英美侵權行為法基本原則與案例（2版）

編後語

東吳大學法學院自創校以來，即高度重視英美相關法制之教學，並以「案例教學」及「全英語授課」為主軸，有效培養具國際競爭力之法律人才。多年來雖有各類案例教科書之編輯出版，但多因長期未能應時更新，難免不敷使用，而選採英美等國出版之原文教科書又因書價昂貴，造成學生重大經濟負擔，至以網路取得之案例不但未經整理編輯，亦欠缺教科書應有之輔助說明。英美法研究中心同仁因此自2017年開始共同編輯相關教科書，並經多次改版，本書即為其中之一。

本書之編纂，主要係供非英美法系法學院基礎教學之用，無論章節篇幅或案例選納均刻意精簡，且為使不同英文程度之同學均能有基本認識，各章節摘要說明多以中文為之。又本書共計八編三十九章，各章節均提供相關原則摘要說明，協助建立架構性認識，並佐以較具代表性判決之選錄，是期透過有限的篇幅，兼顧英美侵權行為法相關法學知識及法律能力之培養。

本人謹此代表全體編纂同仁，感謝理律文教基金會、東吳大學法學院及英美法研究中心所有同仁的協助與支持，尤其感謝實際參與本書編纂的潘維大教授、王震宇教授、范秀羽教授、何婉君教授等人的專業貢獻，各參與教授並一致同意將各年度書籍銷售權利金所得，悉數捐贈予東吳大學法學院，以為本書後續增刪改版之用。

期待本書內容的與時俱進，能使東吳大學法學院多年英美法教學所積蓄之能量，得以繼續為超國界法學教育貢獻棉薄。

姚思遠謹識

編後語

東吳大學法學院自創校以來，即高度重視英美相關法制之教學，並以「案例教學」及「全英語授課」為主軸，有效培養具國際競爭力之法律人才。多年來雖有各類案例教科書之編輯出版，但多因長期未能應時更新，難免不敷使用，而選採英美等國出版之原文教科書又因書價昂貴，造成學生重大經濟負擔，至以網路取得之案例不但未經整理編輯，亦欠缺教科書應有之輔助說明。英美法研究中心同仁因此自2017年開始共同編輯相關教科書，並經多次改版，本書即為其中之一。

本書之編纂，主要係供非英美法系法學院基礎教學之用，無論章節篇幅或案例...

I. INTRODUCTION TO THE TORTS PROCESS1
Chapter 1. Nature of Tort Law1
Chapter 2. Historical Overview1
WEAVER v. WARD5
BROWN v. KENDALL5
Chapter 3. The Torts Process8
Chapter 4. The Structure of Tort Law11

II. INTENTIONAL TORTS13
Chapter 1. Introduction13
Chapter 2. Intent13
GARRATT v. DAILEY14
Chapter 3. Assault and Battery17
PICARD v. BARRY PONTIAC-BUICK, INC.18
WAGNER v. STATE24
Chapter 4. False Imprisonment29
COBLYN v. KENNEDY’S, INC.29
LOPEZ v. WINCHELL’S DONUT HOUSE32
Chapter 5. Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress36
HARRIS v. JONES36
WOMACK v. ELDRIDGE39
Chapter 6. Trespass to Land and Chattels43
BRADLEY v. AMERICAN SMELTING AND REFINING CO.43
CREEL v. CRIM46
INTEL CORP. v. HAMIDI48
Chapter 7. Conversion58
STEVENSON v. ECONOMY BANK OF AMBRIDGE58
BARAM v. FARUGIA64
Chapter 8. Nuisance68
BOOMER v. ATLANTIC CEMENT CO.68
SPUR INDUSTRIES, INC. v. DEL E. WEBB DEVELOPMENT CO.73

III. DEFENSES TO INTENTIONAL TORTS79
Chapter 1. Introduction79
Chapter 2. Consent79
MOHR v. WILLIAMS79
HUDSON v. CRAFT83
HART v. GEYSEL86
Chapter 3. Self-Defense89
COURVOISIER v. RAYMOND89
COTE v. JOWERS93
Chapter 4. Defense of Others101
McCULLOUGH v. McANELLY102
Chapter 5. Defense of Property106
KATKO v. BRINEY106
Chapter 6. Necessity112
VINCENT v. LAKE ERIE TRANSPORTATION CO.112

IV. NEGLIGENCE117
Chapter 1. Negligence Generally117
Section 1. Unreasonable Risk117
ADAMS v. BULLOCK118
UNITED STATES v. CARROLL TOWING CO.119
Section 2. Reasonable Person124
BJORNDAL v. WEITMAN125
BETHEL v. NEW YORK CITY TRANSIT AUTHORITY129
TRIMARCO v. KLEIN133
MOORE v. THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA136
RANDI W. v. MUROC JOINT UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT144
ORTEGA v. KMART CORP.149
Section 3. Violation of Statute154
O’GUIN v. BINGHAM COUNTY154
PERRY v. S.N. AND S.N.159
Section 4. Res Ipsa Loquitur163
YBARRA v. SPANGARD164
GILES v. CITY OF NEW HAVEN168
CITY OF LOUISVILLE v. HUMPHREY174
McDOUGALD v. PERRY177
STATES v. LOURDES HOSPITAL181
Chapter 2. Duty of Care184
Section 1. Scope of Liability184
PALSGRAF v. LONG ISLAND RAILROAD CO.185
Section 2. Effect of Contract187
MacPHERSON v. BUICK MOTOR CO.188
Section 3. Failure to Act192
FARWELL v. KEATON193
TARASOFF v. REGENTS OF UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA196
COMMONWEALTH v. PETERSON201
Section 4. Mental Distress207
THING v. LA CHUSA208
Section 5. Pure Economic Loss214
STATE OF LOUISIANA EX REL. GUSTE v. M/V TESTBANK214
PEOPLE EXPRESS AIRLINES, INC. v. CONSOLIDATED RAIL CORP.224
Section 6. Owners and Occupiers of Land235
ROWLAND v. CHRISTIAN236
ALEXANDER v. MEDICAL ASSOC. CLINIC240
Chapter 3. Causation in Fact and Legal Cause244
Section 1. Causation in Fact245
SUMMERS v. TICE246
HALE v. OSTROW250
ZUCHOWICZ v. UNITED STATES255
ALBERTS v. SCHULTZ262
LORD v. LOVETT271
DAUBERT v. MERRELL DOW PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.276
HYMOWITZ v. ELI LILLY & CO.284
Section 2. Legal Cause292
BARTOLONE v. JECKOVICH293
CAHOON v. CUMMINGS295
BENN v. THOMAS300
McCOY v. AMERICAN SUZUKI MOTOR CORP.302
DELANEY v. REYNOLDS308
ENRIGHT v. ELI LILLY & CO.312
Chapter 4. Damages316
Section 1. Punitive Damages317
BMW OF NORTH AMERICA, INC. v. IRA GORE318
STATE FARM MUT. AUTOMOBILE INS. CO. v. CAMPBELL324
PHILIP MORRIS USA v. WILLIAMS333
Section 2. Joint Tortfeasors337
BIERCZYNSKI v. ROGERS338
COX v. PEARL INVESTMENT CO.340
SLOCUM v. DONAHUE343
BRUCKMAN v. PENA346
Section 3. Wrongful Death and Survival Statutes349
MORAGNE v. STATES MARINE LINES, INC.350
MURPHY v. MARTIN OIL CO.353

V. DEFENSES TO NEGLIGENCE357
Chapter 1. Introduction357
Chapter 2. Contributory Negligence357
BUTTERFIELD v. FORRESTER358
FULLER v. ILLINOIS CENT. R. CO.359
HARRISON v. MONTGOMERY COUNTY BD. OF EDUC.366
Chapter 3. Comparative Negligence373
LI v. YELLOW CAB CO.374
HOFFMAN v. JONES385
Chapter 4. Assumption of Risk393
MURPHY v. STEEPLECHASE AMUSEMENT CO., INC.394
MEISTRICH v. CASINO ARENA ATTRACTIONS, INC.396
DALURY v. S-K-I, LTD.399
DAVENPORT v. COTTON HOPE PLANTATION
HORIZONTAL PROPERTY REGIME403

VI. STRICT LIABILITY413
Chapter 1. Introduction413
HAMMONTREE v. JENNER413
Chapter 2. Strict Liability: Dangerous Animals and Activities416
Section 1. Keeping Wild or Other Dangerous Animals416
GEHRTS v. BATTEEN417
DUREN v. KUNKEL420
Section 2. Abnormally Dangerous Activities424
RYLANDS v. FLETCHER424
SPANO v. PERINI CORP.430
INDIANA HARBOR BELT RAILROAD CO. v. AMERICAN CYANAMID CO.434
Chapter 3. Strict Liability: Products Liability440
Section 1. Moving toward Strict Liability440
MacPHERSON v. BUICK MOTOR CO.442
ESCOLA v. COCA COLA BOTTLING CO. OF FRESNO445
GREENMAN v. YUBA POWER PRODUCTS, INC.452
Section 2. Who May be the Defendant455
PETERSON v. LOU BACHRODT CHEVROLET CO.456
CAFAZZO v. CENTRAL MEDICAL HEALTH SERVICES, INC.459
Section 3. Product Defects: Manufacturing Defects464
CASSISI v. MAYTAG CO.464
SPELLER v. SEARS, ROEBUCK AND CO.473
Section 4. Product Defects: Design Defects477
VOLKSWAGEN OF AMERICA, INC. v. YOUNG478
PRENTIS v. YALE MFG. CO.488
O’BRIEN v. MUSKIN497
Section 5. Product Defects: Warnings Defects504
SHANKS v. UPJOHN CO.505
RICHTER v. LIMAX INTERNATIONAL513

VII. INVASION OF PRIVACY519
Chapter 1. Introduction519
Chapter 2. Intrusion upon Seclusion/ Intrusion on Solitude519
BORING v. GOOGLE INC.519
Chapter 3. Misappropriation of Identity523
WHITE v. SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS AMERICA, INC.523
KELLER v. ELECTRONIC ARTS INC.530
Chapter 4. Publicity of Private Life538
COX BROADCASTING CORP. v. COHN539
FLORIDA STAR v. B.J.F.545
Chapter 5. False Light554
TIME, INC. v. HILL555
FLOWERS v. CARVILLE564

VIII. MISCELLANEOUS TORTS571
Chapter 1. Introduction571
Chapter 2. Defamation571
MATHERSON v. MARCHELLO572
MILKOVICH v. LORAIN JOURNAL CO.577
Chapter 3. Misuse of Legal Procedure586
Section 1. Malicious Prosecution586
TEXAS SKAGGS INC. v. GRAVES587
Section 2. Wrongful Institution of Civil Proceedings593
CARROLL v. KALAR594
Section 3. Abuse of Process598
LADER v. BENKOWITZ599
Chapter 4. Misrepresentation600
OLLERMAN v. O’ROURKE CO., INC.601
WINTER v. G.P. PUTNAM’S SONS611
CREDIT ALLIANCE CORP. v. ARTHUR ANDERSEN & CO.612
CITIZENS STATE BANK v. TIMM, SCHMIDT & CO.620
Chapter 5. Tortious Interference626
DELLA PENNA v. TOYOTA MOTOR SALES, U.S.A., INC.627
WILKINSON v. POWE636
WAL-MART STORES, INC. v. STURGES640
HARMON v. HARMON653

編後語659

I. INTRODUCTION TO THE TORTS PROCESS1
Chapter 1. Nature of Tort Law1
Chapter 2. Historical Overview1
WEAVER v. WARD5
BROWN v. KENDALL5
Chapter 3. The Torts Process8
Chapter 4. The Structure of Tort Law11

II. INTENTIONAL TORTS13
Chapter 1. Introduction13
Chapter 2. Intent13
GARRATT v. DAILEY14
Chapter 3. Assault and Battery17
PICARD v. BARRY PONTIAC-BUICK, INC.18
WAGNER v. STATE24
Chapter 4. False Imprisonment29
COBLYN v. KENNEDY’S, INC.29
LOPEZ v. WINCHELL’S DONUT HOUSE32
Ch...