This book covers all aspects of anaerobic waste conversion technologies using anaerobes, particularly in anaerobic digestion and fermentation processes. It provides the latest advances in waste-to-energy techniques for converting solid and liquid wastes to valuable fuel and energy. It goes beyond traditional municipal waste, including energy recovery from various industrial wastewater and biomass. Topics include biomass pretreatment, metabolic pathways, anaerobic reactor design, product recovery, and conversion technology applications. Essential information is provided, and individual chapters are dedicated to each topic. The book assists academicians, postgraduate students, biochemical engineers, environmental engineers, analysts, chemical engineers, and industrial entrepreneurs in acquiring the skills needed for real-time implementation of anaerobic digestion technologies.