This book is the result of a final year Psychology course presented in 2012. Based on reflections, concerns and experiences in the context of mental health, the main purpose of this work is to build knowledge about coexistence and its importance as a potential instrument for deinstitutionalization and care. To develop the theme, the book discusses madness, psychiatric reform, the anti-asylum struggle and deinstitutionalization. In addition, the author carried out an action research project in the context of a workshop at a Center for Coexistence and Culture in Mental Health, the NGO Inverso, with the aim of portraying how coexistence is constructed in the daily life of the center and its importance in caring for people in severe psychic suffering.