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The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional capacity of elderly individuals between 60 and 81 years of age, carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), using a cross-sectional approach with an observational epidemiological survey. The elderly individuals were evaluated in terms of cognitive functionality, mental health and activities of daily living. Most lived with AIDS, were infected through heterosexual relations with multiple partners, had more than 9 years of schooling, and used marijuana frequently. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy was satisfactory, and functional loss was significant in those aged 70 years or older of both sexes. Fortunately, because of highly active antiretroviral therapy, healthy lifestyle choices, and the definition that older adults have of successful ageing, it is possible for many older adults to successfully cope with HIV and AIDS. However, the side effects of therapy and the clinical progression of AIDS, associated with the ageing process, may increase with age and reduce the chances of success and compromise their autonomy and independence.