domingues dos santos

There are several asymmetries worldwide, in terms of economic resources, technological capacity, and volume of surgical procedures, which can hinder achieving optimal elective surgical outcomes. Therefore, to minimize these potentially harmful aspects, a pathway to optimize clinical practice and yield superior results while conserving resources is through the standardization of procedure steps, the emergence of new surgical approaches, and the discussion of surgical controversies. This book aims to reveal and share various worldwide approaches to addressing elective surgery challenges. Additionally, it examines the advantages and disadvantages of surgical options/surgical steps for specific surgical procedures. The options to resolve a particular surgical issue can vary worldwide and are not necessarily less valid. This book is a valuable tool for optimizing surgical knowledge and skills.