The interlocution between Occupational Health and Neuroscience presupposes cognitive impairment as an object, together with the causal link and damage, for the consequent management of emotional processing typified by exhaustion, depersonalisation and low professional achievement. Recognising the problem, in the context of neuropsychology, is the guide to dealing with the impairment. Recognising the brain’s ability to reorganise itself when exposed to functional stimuli, neuropsychological rehabilitation promotes functional recovery of the cognitive functions compromised in Burnout Syndrome: thinking, attention, memory, language, executive functions, motor skills and sensory perception. In this study, we proposed that the interlocution of Neuropsychology with Work Psychology in the clinical management of the emotional processing of subjects affected by Burnout Syndrome emerges from the confluence of models for assessing cognitive processes, the three-segment model correlated with Selvye’s (1946) phases of stress, McLean’s (1949) Triune Brain, the variables of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (1986) and adaptive physiological responses to stressors (Darwin, 1872).