譚智宏 編

臺北水源特定區位於大台北都會區東南隅，過去二十年來因應水源政策，大部分劃訂為保安保護區。各項開發行為及土地利用皆有嚴格之規範，對區域環境及生態的維護有良好之績效。然由於社會環境快速變遷，台北地區人口稠密，休閒遊憩之空間極為缺乏，本區域自然成為民眾休閒、遊憩的地區；且當地居民長期以來亦強烈的要求自主、開發，以提昇居住品質及經濟發展。如何兼顧地方發展及水源保護政策（防制各類違規行為，維護特定區水源、水量、水質及生態多樣性），以達多元發展與雙贏境界，實為值得評估之課題。本局為確保本特定區內各項管業務有效的執行，延續94年、95年、96年度環境生態管理與整合性利用相關計畫之研究及97年臺北水源特定區生態調查監測結果，針對臺北水源特定區之水域、陸域生態與河川環境因子100年進行調查監測，並將調查監測成果進一步完成生態特性分析及建立環境生態預警系統之生物指標，以為環境預警系統之水域生態環境評判依據，並同時納入之理化性之水質指標，建立環境生態整合指標，以完成生態環境調查、管理與水土資源利用之整合性系統，並促進臺北水源特定區在水土資源之永續利用。
 
The Taipei Water Resource Special District is an important area of domestic water resource for Taipei metropolitan area. For the past 20 years, following the protection policy, the water resources, water quality, and water quantity in the District have been prevented from deterioration by natural or artificial depredation. With established strict rules, various exploitation activities and land utilization inside the District have been restrained to maintain regional environment and ecology. In the future, how to achieve equilibrium between regional development and water resources protection policy (prevention of various activities against rules, and conservation of water resources, water quantity, water quality and bio-diversity) in order for a diversification development and win-win situation is very important. It is necessary to establish a monitoring system for environmental and ecological investigation.
This project is an extension of the projects in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 which related to environmental and ecological management and integral utilization. This project conducts field investigation of water domain, land domain and river environmental factors over the Taipei Water Resource Special District. The investigation for water domain includes fishery, aquatic insects and algae. The investigation for land domain includes plants (most are classified as vascular bundles or above), birds, amphibians and reptilians. The investigation for river environmental factors includes river width, water depth, flow velocity, radii of river substrates, water temperature, pH, DO, BOD5, EC, turbidity, SS, NO3- , NH4+, TP, Ecoli, and TOC. The frequency of field investigation is once in a season, which means 4 times a year. The survey of this year have found 8 families 26 species of fish, 28 families 65 species of bird, 6 families 19 species of amphibians, 10 families 22 species of reptile, 5 families 20 sub-families 123 species of butterflies, and 7 families 18 species of dragonflies. The water and land domain ecological monitoring results showed that the fish species and numbers reduced due to the increase of turbidity in Fushan sampling station. The indicating fish species are mainly the Cypriniformes cyprinidae, Plecoglossus altivelis, and Acrossocheilus paradoxus, which are fishes suitable for clean water only.