鍾源明

武洛位於屏東縣里港鄉茄苳村，是被閩南聚落包圍的獨特客家聚落，也是六堆右堆的發源地。原為平埔族鳳山八社之一，18 世紀起吸引客家移民進入，逐漸形成上下武洛，並成為美濃、高樹、大路關等地拓墾的起點。隨著水患與社會變遷，上武洛逐漸消失，下武洛則延續至今，成為里港鄉唯一的客庄。 在經濟面向，居民曾從事甘蔗、菸草、農耕與雜貨店經營，留下菸葉、糖業小火車等歷史記憶，展現了勤儉互助的農村精神。為了保留客家血脈，社區常見招贅與同族通婚，庄頭活動如舞獅、唱古調、游泳與看戲，構築了共同的文化記憶。 作為「客家方言島」，武洛人雖努力守護客語與習俗，但仍面臨閩南文化的強烈影響。飲食、皮影戲及媽媽教室的文化實踐，則呈現了客家生活智慧與女性力量。信仰方面，福安宮、茄苳樹、義民祠等等，凝聚了對土地與祖先的敬意。 透過耆老口述與老照片，武洛展現了個人與集體的歷史記憶。雖僅剩四百餘人，社區居民與協會仍積極推動文化保存，讓「重新看見武洛」不僅是回望，更是面向未來的文化實踐。 Wuluo, located in Jia-dong Village of Ligang Township, Pingtung County, is a unique Hakka settlement surrounded by Minnan communities and known as the birthplace of the Youdui of the Liudui Hakka. Originally one of the eight Fengshan Plains Indigenous villages, it attracted Hakka immigrants in the 18th century and gradually developed into Upper and Lower Wuluo, becoming the starting point for the expansion into Meinong, Gaoshu, and Daluguan. With floods and social changes over time, Upper Wuluo gradually disappeared, while Lower Wuluo has endured as the only Hakka village in Ligang today. Economically, residents once cultivated sugarcane and tobacco, engaged in farming, and ran grocery stores, leaving behind memories of tobacco fields and the sugar railway—symbols of diligence and mutual support in rural life. Strong kinship ties led to practices such as uxorilocal marriage and intra-clan unions, while lion dances, folk songs, swimming, and traditional opera formed the cultural fabric of the community. As a “Hakka dialect island,” Wuluo has strived to preserve its language and customs despite strong Minnan influence. Its cuisine, shadow puppetry, and the women’s “Mama Classroom” reflect both Hakka traditions and female cultural agency. In faith, temples such as Fuan Temple, the sacred Ciatung tree, and the Yimin Shrine embody reverence for land, ancestors, and communal protection. Through elders’ oral histories and old photographs, Wuluo reveals a tapestry of personal and collective memory. Although today the village has only about four hundred residents, the community and local associations remain committed to cultural preservation, ensuring that “Rediscovering Wuluo” is not merely an act of remembrance but also a vision for the future.

編/著/譯者簡介： 翁禎霞 屏東縣聯合報記者退休，現職：永勝5號主理人、屏東縣社區大學文教發展協會常務理事 邱善寧 屏東縣客家事務處民俗藝術科 科長 劉怡辰 屏東縣客家事務處民俗藝術科 科員 李煥源 屏東縣內埔客家人，軍職退休，現職：屏東縣愛鄉協會理事長、屏東縣社區大學文教發展協會理事長 邱薇樺 屏東縣竹田鄉客家人，屏東縣社區大學文教發展協會監事 張曼玲 屏東縣萬巒鄉客家人，現職：屏北社區大學專員 陳翊溎 屏東縣閩南人，考過客語認證初級，現職：屏北社區大學專員 邱怡蓉 屏東縣長鄉治客家人，現職：屏北社區大學主任 蘇義盛 武洛社區居民，閩南人，現職：屏東縣里港鄉武洛社區發展協會 理事長 鍾源明 武洛社區居民，客家人，屏東縣里港鄉武洛社區發展協會前理事長 鍾秉家 武洛社區居民，客家人，屏東縣里港鄉武洛社區發展協會前總幹事