The book outlines the tasks and functions of the Fund for Ameliorative Improvement of Irrigated Lands, which is currently lacking in the structure of the Ministry of Agriculture. The objective necessity of ameliorative improvement of irrigated lands is substantiated, international experience of ameliorative improvement of irrigated lands is studied. Prospects of agricultural melioration development, characteristics of the current state of reclamation of irrigated lands are analyzed. Problems in this direction have been solved and the efficiency of measures of reclamation of irrigated lands has been evaluated. Recommendations are given on the issues of improving the efficiency of investments in land reclamation and institutional development of land reclamation management.