Doerry

＂The advent of power electronics such as variable frequency drives, electric propulsion system related shipboard electrical power generation and distribution demands further amplification of shipboard ground detection, monitoring and management plans. The present ground system somewhat resembles the terrestrial power system at the fundamental frequency. In general, power system grounding is somewhat described through the National Electric Code, IEEE-141/142 for industrial & commercial installation. However, shipboard power systems are different. In Europe the term Earthing is used for electrical grounding. American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) Rules have changed the grounding to earthing. IEEE-45, USCG, US Military specification uses the term grounding.＂--

Norbert Doerry, PhD, is a naval engineer with a PhD in naval electrical power systems and with over 35 years of experience in innovation, invention, science and technology, research and development acquisition, design, construction, in-service support, and ship operations.

Mohammed M. Islam currently serves as the Chair of IEEE 45.7 Switchboard Standard working group. He has been involved in the ＂All Electric Ship Design and Development＂ and R&D programs for many years. He was the principal investigator of the Ship Smart-System Design (S3D) feasibility study, an ONR funded resaerch and development project. He was the R&D manager of Ship System Applied Science at Northrop Grumman Ship Systems. He served as the IEEE-45 central committee chair and chair of numerous IEEE 45 series Standards.

John Prousalidis, PhD, is a Professor with the Academic Staff of the School of naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. He is a reviewer of IEEE and IET journal papers, a member of the Editorial Board of the IET journal ＂Power Systems in Transportation,＂ and of the International Journal of Ocean Systems Management (IJOSM) of Indersience Publishers.