Violence, due to the number of victims and the magnitude of the consequences it produces, has become an important public health problem. As a far-reaching phenomenon, it can manifest itself in all human contexts and one of these is the workplace. Several studies on the subject of violence in the workplace conclude that it is precisely workplaces and occupations oriented towards health care that are at greater risk of violent acts than others. Violence against healthcare professionals and burnout syndrome, which is increasingly affecting healthcare professionals, the healthcare system itself and, therefore, the users of healthcare services, appear to be interrelated. When the discourse of users with contained aggression or overt violence is evidenced, they refer that the trigger of their condition has been the perception of a dehumanized and undignified treatment. Depersonalization, as a result of professional burnout, increases the risk of aggression against health personnel.